# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#+TITLE: Relabeling Formulas
#+DESCRIPTION: Code example for relabeling formulas in Spot
#+INCLUDE: setup.org
#+HTML_LINK_UP: tut.html
#+PROPERTY: header-args:sh :results verbatim :exports both
#+PROPERTY: header-args:python :results output :exports both
#+PROPERTY: header-args:C+++ :results verbatim :exports both

The task is to read an LTL formula, relabel all (possibly
double-quoted) atomic propositions, and provide =#define= statements
for each of these renamings, writing everything in Spin's syntax.

* Shell

#+BEGIN_SRC sh
ltlfilt -ps --relabel=pnn --define -f '"Proc@Here" U ("var > 10" | "var < 4")'
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
: #define p0 (Proc@Here)
: #define p1 (var < 4)
: #define p2 (var > 10)
: (p0) U ((p1) || (p2))

When is this output interesting, you may ask?  It is useful for
instance if you want to call =ltl2ba= (or any other LTL-to-Büchi
translator) using a formula with complex atomic propositions it cannot
parse.  Then you can pass the rewritten formula to =ltl2ba=, and
prepend all those =#define= to its output.  For instance:

#+BEGIN_SRC sh
ltlfilt -ps --relabel=pnn --define=tmp.defs -f '"Proc@Here" U ("var > 10" | "var < 4")' >tmp.ltl
cat tmp.defs; ltl2ba -F tmp.ltl
rm tmp.defs tmp.ltl
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
#+begin_example
#define p0 (Proc@Here)
#define p1 (var < 4)
#define p2 (var > 10)
never { /* (p0) U ((p1) || (p2))
 ,*/
T0_init:
	if
	:: (p0) -> goto T0_init
	:: (p1) || (p2) -> goto accept_all
	fi;
accept_all:
	skip
}
#+end_example

Aside: another way to work around syntax limitations of tools is to
use [[file:ltldo.org][=ltldo=]].  On the above example, =ltldo ltl2ba -f '"Proc@Here" U
("var > 10" | "var < 4")' -s= would produce a never claim with the
correct atomic propositions, even though =ltl2ba= cannot parse them.

* Python

The =spot.relabel= function takes an optional third parameter that
should be a =relabeling_map=.  If supplied, this map is filled with
pairs of atomic propositions of the form (new-name, old-name).

#+BEGIN_SRC python
import spot
m = spot.relabeling_map()
g = spot.relabel('"Proc@Here" U ("var > 10" | "var < 4")', spot.Pnn, m)
for newname, oldname in m.items():
    print("#define {} ({})".format(newname.to_str(), oldname.to_str('spin', True)))
    print(g.to_str('spin', True))
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
: #define p0 (Proc@Here)
: #define p1 (var < 4)
: #define p2 (var > 10)
: (p0) U ((p1) || (p2))

* C++

The =spot::relabeling_map= is just implemented as a =std::map=.

#+BEGIN_SRC C++
  #include <string>
  #include <iostream>
  #include <spot/tl/parse.hh>
  #include <spot/tl/print.hh>
  #include <spot/tl/relabel.hh>

  int main()
  {
    std::string input = "\"Proc@Here\" U (\"var > 10\" | \"var < 4\")";
    spot::parsed_formula pf = spot::parse_infix_psl(input);
    if (pf.format_errors(std::cerr))
      return 1;
    spot::formula f = pf.f;
    spot::relabeling_map m;
    f = spot::relabel(f, spot::Pnn, &m);
    for (auto& i: m)
      {
        std::cout << "#define " << i.first << " (";
        print_spin_ltl(std::cout, i.second, true) << ")\n";
      }
    print_spin_ltl(std::cout, f, true) << '\n';
    return 0;
  }
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
: #define p0 (Proc@Here)
: #define p1 (var < 4)
: #define p2 (var > 10)
: (p0) U ((p1) || (p2))

* Additional comments

** Two ways to name atomic propositions

   Instead of =--relabel=pnn= (or =spot.Pnn=, or =spot::Pnn=), you can
   actually use =--relabel=abc= (or =spot.Abc=, or =spot::Abc=) to have
   the atomic propositions named =a=, =b=, =c=, etc.

** Relabeling Boolean sub-expressions

   Instead of relabeling each atomic proposition, you could decide to
   relabel each Boolean sub-expression:

#+BEGIN_SRC sh
ltlfilt -ps --relabel-bool=pnn --define -f '"Proc@Here" U ("var > 10" | "var < 4")'
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
: #define p0 (Proc@Here)
: #define p1 ((var < 4) || (var > 10))
: (p0) U (p1)

   The relabeling routine is smart enough to not give different names
   to Boolean expressions that have some sub-expression in common.

   For instance =a U (a & b)= will not be relabeled into =(p0) U (p1)=
   because that would hide the fact that both =p0= and =p1= check for
   =a=.  Instead we get this:

#+BEGIN_SRC sh
ltlfilt -ps --relabel-bool=pnn --define -f 'a U (a & b)'
#+END_SRC

#+RESULTS:
: #define p0 (a)
: #define p1 (b)
: (p0) U ((p0) && (p1))

   This "Boolean sub-expression" relabeling is available in Python and
   C++ via the =relabel_bse= function.  The interface is identical to
   =relabel=.
